The framework Congress is using to evaluate Syria’s transition.
The six pillars in this graphic reflect the dominant themes emphasized in the recent congressional hearing, “Syria at a Crossroads: U.S. Policy Challenges Post-Assad.” Lawmakers focused on minority protection as the credibility test, conditional and reversible sanctions relief, counterterrorism vigilance amid ISIS risks, review of the U.S. military footprint, security sector integration, and the Kurdish file, including the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK) dynamics and Turkey’s influence. These were not passing references. They shaped the hearing structure.
The deeper layer was institutional leverage. Former envoy James Jeffrey and other witnesses stressed preserving U.S. influence in the northeast, particularly around detention facilities holding ISIS fighters and displaced families. The debate was less about troop numbers and more about whether Washington intends to shape Syria’s emerging security architecture or observe it from the sidelines. Taken together, the hearing made clear that U.S. policy is benchmark driven. Security before normalization. Integration before relief. Leverage before recognition.
Joe Kawly
Joe Kawly is a veteran global affairs journalist with over two decades of frontline reporting across Washington, D.C. and the Middle East. A CNN Journalism Fellow and Georgetown University graduate, his work focuses on U.S. foreign policy, Arab world politics, and diplomacy. With deep regional insight and narrative clarity, Joe focuses on making complex global dynamics clear, human, and relevant.
